The stock market had been heading for much worse losses earlier in the morning, when the S&P 500 was down as much as 2.3% and the Dow dropped 780 points. They initially tumbled after the report on the U.S. economy fell well short of economists' expectations, a sharp turnaround from the economy's solid growth at the end of last year.
Importers rushed to bring products into the country before tariffs could raise their prices, which helped drag on the country’s overall gross domestic product.
Such data raises the threat of a worst-case scenario called “stagflation,” one where the economy stagnates yet inflation remains high. Economists fear it because the Federal Reserve has no good tools to fix both problems at the same time. If the Fed were to try to help one by adjusting interest rates, it would likely make the other problem worse.
“Even if today’s weak GDP may have partially reflected companies trying to get ahead of tariffs, it was still a stagflation warning shot over the bow of the economy,” according to Ellen Zentner, chief economic strategist for Morgan Stanley Wealth Management.
Financial markets got some better news later in the morning when a report said the measure of inflation that the Fed likes to use slowed in March. Inflation decelerated to 2.3%, closer to the Fed's goal of 2%, from February's reading of 2.7%. Stocks more than halved their losses following the report.
Still, much of Wednesday's economic data raised concerns about a weakening economy. A separate report on the job market from ADP suggested employers outside the government may have hired far fewer workers in April than economists expected, less than half.
It’s discouraging because a relatively solid job market has been one of the linchpins keeping the U.S. economy stable. A more comprehensive report on the job market from the U.S. government will arrive on Friday.
Wednesday’s reports add to worries that Trump’s trade war may drag the U.S. economy into a recession. The president’s on-again-off-again rollout of tariffs has created deep uncertainty about what’s to come, which could cause damage by itself.
"I'm not taking a credit or discredit for the stock market," Trump said Wednesday. "I'm just saying we inherited a mess."
Uncertainty around Trump's tariffs has already triggered historic swings for financial markets, from stocks to bonds to the value of the U.S. dollar, that battered investors through April. The S&P 500 at one point dropped nearly 20% below its all-time high set earlier this year, with scary headlines at one point warning of the worst April since the Great Depression.
But the uncertainty has been two-sided, and hopes that Trump may relent on some of his tariffs and reach trade deals with other countries helped the S&P 500 claw back a chunk of its losses. It's set to finish April with a loss of less than 2%, which would be milder than March’s, and it's roughly 10% below its record.
Stronger-than-expected profit reports from big U.S. companies have helped support the market, and Seagate Technology jumped 9% for one of Wednesday's biggest gains after the maker of data storage joined the parade.
But potentially discouraging trends within the artificial-intelligence industry helped offset such gains for storage makers. AI stocks have been pulling back sharply on worries that their prices shot too high in prior years, when a frenzy around the industry drove them to breathtaking heights.
Super Micro Computer warned that some customers delayed purchases in the latest quarter, which caused the maker of servers used in AI and other computing to slash its forecast for sales and profit. Its stock tumbled 14.3% for the largest loss in the S&P 500.
Other AI-related stocks also fell, including a 1.3% drop for Nvidia. Because the chip company is so huge in size, its loss was one of the single heaviest weights on the S&P 500.
Starbucks sank 6.9% after the coffee chain fell short of analysts' forecasts for revenue and profit in the latest quarter. Starbucks did log its first quarterly sales increase in more than a year, but acknowledged that its turnaround effort is far from complete.
Wednesday is set to mark the close of a third straight losing month for the S&P 500. Stocks in the energy industry took some of the hardest hits, dropping over three times more than any of the other 11 sectors that make up the index.
Halliburton, an oil services company, lost more than 22% in April as the price of crude slid on worries that tariffs will weaken the global economy.
In the bond market, Treasury yields held relatively steady Wednesday. The yield on the 10-year Treasury eased to 4.17% from 4.19% late Tuesday.
Yields have largely been sinking since an unsettling, unusual spurt higher earlier this month rattled both Wall Street and the U.S. government. That rise had suggested investors worldwide may have been losing faith in the U.S. bond market's reputation as a safe place to park cash.
In stock markets abroad, indexes finished mixed across Europe and Asia.
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AP Business Writers Matt Ott and Elaine Kurtenbach contributed.
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