Kim said it was crucial to control transmissions and eliminate the infection source as fast as possible, while also easing inconveniences to the public caused by the virus controls. He insisted the country will overcome the outbreak because its government and people are “united as one.”
Despite the elevated virus response, Kim ordered officials to push ahead with scheduled construction, agricultural development and other state projects while bolstering the country’s defense posture to avoid any security vacuum.
North Korea’s state TV showed Kim and other senior officials wearing masks as they entered a meeting room, although Kim removed his mask to speak into a set of microphones. Still photos distributed by KNCA showed Kim unmasked and sitting at the head of a table where all other officials remained masked.
South Korea’s Unification Ministry, which handles inter-Korean affairs, couldn't immediately confirm whether it was the first time state media showed Kim wearing a mask since the start of the pandemic. Kim has previously spoken to huge crowds without a mask as he praised the country's earlier pandemic response, and his decision to be seen with a mask could be aimed at raising public vigilance.
North Korea, which has maintained strict anti-virus controls at its borders for more than two years, didn’t provide further details about its new lockdown. But an Associated Press photographer on the South Korean side of the border saw dozens of people working in fields or walking on footpaths at a North Korean border town — an indication the lockdown doesn't require people to stay home, or it exempts farm work.
The measures described in state media and Kim’s declaration that economic goals should still be met could indicate that North Korea is focusing more on restricting travel and supplies between regions, analyst Cheong Seong-Chang at South Korea’s Sejong Institute said.
North Korea’s government has shunned vaccines offered by the U.N.-backed COVAX distribution program, possibly because they have international monitoring requirements.
Seoul's Unification Ministry said South Korea is willing to provide medical assistance and other help to North Korea based on humanitarian considerations. Relations between the Koreas have deteriorated since 2019 amid a stalemate in nuclear negotiations and the North's increasingly provocative weapons tests.
In Beijing, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian said Beijing is offering North Korea help in dealing with the outbreak. North Korea has reportedly rejected previous Chinese offers of domestically developed vaccines.
Kim Sin-gon, a professor at Seoul’s Korea University College of Medicine, said North Korea is likely signaling its willingness to receive outside vaccines, but wants many more doses than offered by COVAX to inoculate its entire population multiple times. He said North Korea would also want COVID-19 medicines and medical equipment shipments that are banned by U.N. sanctions.
Omicron spreads much more easily than earlier variants of the coronavirus, and its fatality and hospitalization rates are high among unvaccinated older people or those with existing health problems. That means the outbreak could cause “a serious situation” because North Korea lacks medical equipment and medicine to treat virus patients and many of its people are not well-nourished, Kim Sin-gon said.
Ahn Kyung-su, head of DPRKHEALTH.ORG, a website focusing on health issues in North Korea, said North Korea’s admission of the outbreak is likely designed to press its people harder to guard against the virus as China, which shares a long, porous border with the North, has placed many of its cities under lockdown over virus concerns.
North Korea will also likely stress lockdowns, although the experience of China's "zero-COVID" policy suggests that approach doesn't work against the fast-moving omicron variant, said Leif-Eric Easley, a professor of international studies at Seoul's Ewha Womans University.
“For Pyongyang to publicly admit omicron cases, the public health situation must be serious,” Easley said. “This does not mean North Korea is suddenly going to be open to humanitarian assistance and take a more conciliatory line toward Washington and Seoul. But the Kim regime’s domestic audience may be less interested in nuclear or missile tests when the urgent threat involves coronavirus rather than a foreign military.”
North Korea’s previous coronavirus-free claim had been disputed by many foreign experts. But South Korean officials have said North Korea had likely avoided a huge outbreak, in part because it instituted strict virus controls almost from the start of the pandemic.
Early in 2020 — before the coronavirus spread around the world — North Korea took severe steps to keep out the virus and described them as a matter of “national existence." It all but halted cross-border traffic and trade for two years, and is even believed to have ordered troops to shoot on sight any trespassers who crossed its borders.
The extreme border closures further shocked an economy already damaged by decades of mismanagement and U.S.-led sanctions over its nuclear weapons and missile program, pushing Kim to perhaps the toughest moment of his rule since he took power in 2011.
North Korea had been one of the last places in the world without an acknowledged COVID-19 case after the virus first detected in the central Chinese city of Wuhan in late 2019 spread to every continent including Antarctica. Turkmenistan, a similarly secretive and authoritarian nation in Central Asia, has reported no cases to the World Health Organization, though its claim also is widely doubted by outside experts.
In recent months, some Pacific island nations that kept the virus out by their geographic isolation have recorded outbreaks. Only tiny Tuvalu, with a population around 12,000, has escaped the virus so far, while a few other nations – Nauru, Micronesia and Marshall Islands – have stopped cases at their borders and avoided community outbreaks.
North Korea's outbreak comes as China — its close ally and trading partner — battles its biggest outbreak of the pandemic.
In January, North Korea tentatively reopened railroad freight traffic between its border town of Sinuiju and China’s Dandong for the first time in two years, but China halted the trade last month due to an outbreak in Liaoning province, which borders North Korea.
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Associated Press journalists Lee Jin-man in Paju, South Korea, Ken Moritsugu in Beijing and Nick Perry in Wellington, New Zealand, contributed to this report.
CaptionNorth Korea's Kaepoong town is seen from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption North Korea's Kaepoong town is seen from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Credit: Uncredited
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Credit: Uncredited
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Credit: Uncredited
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Caption In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, center, attends a meeting of the Central Committee of the ruling Workers' Party in Pyongyang, North Korea Thursday, May 12, 2022. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP)
Credit: Uncredited
Credit: Uncredited
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption Visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A man talks near a map of North Korea at the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A man talks near a map of North Korea at the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A visitor uses binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A visitor uses binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A Korean War veteran stands near a map of North Korea at the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A Korean War veteran stands near a map of North Korea at the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A bottle of hand sanitizer is placed as visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption A bottle of hand sanitizer is placed as visitors use binoculars to see the North Korean side from the unification observatory in Paju, South Korea, Thursday, May 12, 2022. North Korea imposed a nationwide lockdown Thursday to control its first acknowledged COVID-19 outbreak after holding for more than two years to a widely doubted claim of a perfect record keeping out the virus that has spread to nearly every place in the world. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Credit: Lee Jin-man
Caption FILE - A schoolgirl wearing face mask, disinfects her hands before entering the Kumsong Secondary School No. 2 in the morning in Pyongyang, North Korea, on Nov. 3, 2021. North Korea announced its first coronavirus infection more than two years into the pandemic Thursday, May 12, 2022 as leader Kim Jong Un called for raising COVID-19 preventive measures to maximum levels. (AP Photo/Cha Song Ho, File)
Credit: Cha Song Ho
Caption FILE - A schoolgirl wearing face mask, disinfects her hands before entering the Kumsong Secondary School No. 2 in the morning in Pyongyang, North Korea, on Nov. 3, 2021. North Korea announced its first coronavirus infection more than two years into the pandemic Thursday, May 12, 2022 as leader Kim Jong Un called for raising COVID-19 preventive measures to maximum levels. (AP Photo/Cha Song Ho, File)
Credit: Cha Song Ho
Credit: Cha Song Ho
Caption FILE - This undated photo provided on April 17, 2022, by the North Korean government shows Kim Jong Un at an undisclosed location in North Korea. The Korean Central News Agency said Thursday, May 12, 2022, tests from an unspecified number of people in the capital Pyongyang confirmed that they were infected with the omicron variant. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP, File)
Credit: Uncredited
Caption FILE - This undated photo provided on April 17, 2022, by the North Korean government shows Kim Jong Un at an undisclosed location in North Korea. The Korean Central News Agency said Thursday, May 12, 2022, tests from an unspecified number of people in the capital Pyongyang confirmed that they were infected with the omicron variant. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads: "KCNA" which is the abbreviation for Korean Central News Agency. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP, File)
Credit: Uncredited
Credit: Uncredited
Caption FILE- An official of the Hygienic and Anti-epidemic Center in Phyongchon District disinfect the corridor of a building in Pyongyang, North Korea, on Feb. 5, 2021. The Korean Central News Agency said Thursday, May 12, 2022, tests from an unspecified number of people in the capital Pyongyang confirmed that they were infected with the omicron variant. (AP Photo/Jon Chol Jin, File)
Credit: Jon Chol Jin
Caption FILE- An official of the Hygienic and Anti-epidemic Center in Phyongchon District disinfect the corridor of a building in Pyongyang, North Korea, on Feb. 5, 2021. The Korean Central News Agency said Thursday, May 12, 2022, tests from an unspecified number of people in the capital Pyongyang confirmed that they were infected with the omicron variant. (AP Photo/Jon Chol Jin, File)
Credit: Jon Chol Jin
Credit: Jon Chol Jin
